Emva kweminyaka eliqela yophuhliso, iimveliso zombane ezingqina uqhushumbo zisebenzisa umgodi zenze inkqubela eninzi.Itekhnoloji yomatshini wokwenza umbane wamalahle, inkqubo yokubeka iliso yokuvelisa ukhuseleko emgodini wamalahle kunye nezinye iimveliso ezizisebenzelayo zifikelele kwinqanaba elithile.Itekhnoloji ye-Mechatronics kunye neteknoloji yokulawula isantya se-elektroniki isetyenziswe kwimigodi yamalahle.Oomatshini bokuthutha abaphantsi komhlaba, oomatshini bokuphakamisa kunye noomatshini bemigodi yamalahle baqalisile ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Kufuneka kuthiwe emva kweminyaka yophuhliso, inkqubo yokuvelisa ngokupheleleyo yeemveliso zombane ezingaqhushumbayo iye yasekwa, ehlangabezana neemfuno zangoku zophuhliso lwemigodi yamalahle ephantsi komhlaba ukulungiselela unikezelo lombane kunye nokusasazwa, umatshini ongaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nolawulo nokhuseleko.
Kwiminyaka yamva nje, iimveliso zombane ezingqina uqhushumbo kwimigodi ziye zandiswa ngokwezitayile kunye neenkcukacha, ezinjengobungqina bokudubula obuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi bezixhobo zokuqalisa imigodi, izixhobo zokulawula isantya soqhushumbo kwimigodi, ubungqina bokudubula phezulu naphantsi. iiswitshi zokudityaniswa kwamandla ombane emigodini kunye nezinye iimveliso zetekhnoloji entsha.Ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu phantsi komhlaba kwimigodi yamalahle.Ngenxa yemfuno eqhubekayo nezinzileyo, imveliso yombane yezemigodi yelizwe lam yenze ishishini lokuvelisa elikhulu, kwaye ukhuphiswano lwabalingane luye lwanda kakhulu.Ukuphepha njani ukukhuphisana kwexabiso, ukuphepha ukuveliswa okuphindaphindiweyo kwinqanaba eliphantsi, kunye nokuphuhlisa amashishini ngokusebenzisa iteknoloji entsha ibe ngumbuzo kuye wonke umenzi kunye nomsebenzi wemigodi yombane.Iphi indlela yophuhliso oluyimpumelelo lweshishini?Kuphela iteknoloji entsha yindlela yokuphumelela kwimarike ngokuphuhlisa i-high-tech, i-high-value-added-value-added umbane iimveliso zombane.Kwangaxeshanye, ngokweenzuzo zentlalo, kuphela ngokwenziwa ngokutsha kweteknoloji kunye nophuhliso lomatshini wamalahle, ukufakwa kombane kunye nomatshini ozenzekelayo apho sinokuthi sikhuthaze ukusekwa komgodi wale mihla okhuseleke ngokwenene.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe sisiseko esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa ukuba ishishini lihambele phambili kusini na, linakho na ukhuphiswano lwemarike, kwaye lingakwazi na ukuqhubeka nokuba phambili kwabo bakhuphisana nabo.Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwemarike yezixhobo zombane zemigodi yelizwe lam, isicelo kunye nophando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yemveliso engundoqo enxulumene nayo ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba yingqwalasela yamashishini kushishino.Ukuqonda iintsingiselo zophando kunye nophuhliso, izixhobo zokusebenza, usetyenziso lwetekhnoloji kunye neendlela zetekhnoloji engundoqo yemveliso yezixhobo zombane zemigodi yasekhaya neyangaphandle ibalulekile kwiinkampani ukuba ziphucule ubuchwephesha bemveliso kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwentengiso.Nangona iimveliso ezintsha ezinje ngee-voltage eziphezulu nezisezantsi ezithambileyo zokuqalisa umbane, iiswitshi zokudibanisa amandla ombane aphezulu naphantsi, kunye nezixhobo zolawulo lwesantya soguqulo rhoqo ziphuhliswa, uphuhliso lwezi mveliso lusephantsi kwemiqathango emininzi.Izinto ezininzi ezingundoqo zeemveliso zombane ezingenakugqabhuka zixhomekeke kubuchwepheshe bangaphandle.Kusekho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kwenqanaba lemveliso yala macandelo angundoqo kunye neemveliso ezifanayo zangaphandle.Utshintsho lwetekhnoloji ngokubanzi luhamba kwizigaba ezithathu ukusuka kuphando lokuqala kunye nophuhliso ukuya ekuvuthweni: ixesha lentshayelelo, ixesha lokukhula kunye nexesha lokuvuthwa.Ngexesha lentshayelelo, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji lucotha kakhulu, kwaye luhlala luthatha ixesha elide ukugqobhoza;umzekelo, malunga ne-50% yenqanaba lethu langoku lesixhobo sokulawula isantya sokuguqula isantya, malunga ne-50% yamashishini obungqina bemigodi athenge ngokuthe ngqo imveliso yendibano yentshukumo yangaphandle;I-40 % yamashishini amkela iteknoloji yasekhaya ukuba ifunxe kwaye ibusebenzise, kwaye kuphela malunga ne-10% yamashishini anokuphuhlisa kwaye avelise ngokuzimeleyo.Ngelo xesha, uphando malunga nokusebenza kwe-EMC ye-inverter kusekho kwinqanaba lokuqala, kodwa eli nqanaba lisinika imingeni.Indlela yokunqoba impembelelo ye-harmonics ye-inverter output kunikezelo lwamandla kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iliso kwigridi yamandla ibe yinjongo yeenkampani ezininzi.Iya kuba linqanaba elilandelayo leenjongo zophuhliso.Xa iteknoloji entsha ikwinqanaba lokukhula, iteknoloji ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukusebenza kwezobugcisa kuphuculwe ngokukhawuleza;umzekelo, umchebi wangoku wokuguqulwa kwamaza e-frequency, usebenzisa iimpawu zokuguqulwa rhoqo kwesantya solawulo lwesantya samandla kunye nolawulo oluphakathi lwe-PLC, lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwe-chearer Ukuqola, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka komchebi, kwaye ngokusisiseko isusa indawo yokucheba. iteknoloji ye-hydraulic traction;omnye umzekelo yi-hydraulic winch, edibanisa umbane, ioli kunye negesi.Umsebenzi unzima, ubuya umva, uyangxola, kwaye nomthwalo wokulungisa nawo mkhulu., Emva kokwamkela itekhnoloji yokuguqula i-explosion-proof frequency converter, inkqubo yemveliso iye yatshintshwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye iye yamkelwa ngabasebenzisi bamashishini amalahle.Xa iteknoloji ingena kwixesha elivuthiweyo, iteknoloji izinzile, akukho tshintsho lukhulu luya kwenziwa, kwaye inkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe ibonakaliswe ekuphuculeni okuyingxenye.Umzekelo, umbane okhoyo ngoku ophakamileyo nophantsi wokudibanisa ukudibanisa usondele kwinqanaba elikhoyo langaphandle.Ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha be-elektroniki njenge-PLC, i-DSP, kunye ne-fieldbus inikezela ngenkxaso yobugcisa bokusebenza ngokuzinzile kokutshintsha kokudibanisa, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokungena kwentambo ziye zafikelela kwimveliso yasekhaya.Ulwakhiwo lweyunithi yotshintsho oludityanisiweyo nalo lwenze inkqubela phambili.Kuphela ngokuqaphela iinkqubo ezintathu zophuhliso lweteknoloji entsha sinokuthi sibeke ngokuchanekileyo imibono yophuhliso lweemveliso zethu.
Iinkampani ezininzi zikwayibona imfuneko yokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, kodwa ziyasokola ukufumana impumelelo.Ngokujonga imeko yangoku yemveliso, iphi injongo yethu yokuqalisa iteknoloji?Enyanisweni, abaqalisi bangaphambili, ukutshintshwa kwesondlo, kunye neebhokisi zokulawula zombane zikhuselwe ngokukodwa kwiisekethe zecandelo, ezinobugwenxa bamacandelo angazinzanga kunye ne-drift enkulu.Ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-monolithic kumkhuseli kuzisa ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.Iinzuzo zozinzo;usetyenziso olulungelelanisiweyo lojongano lomatshini wendoda lwenza umsebenzi ucace ngakumbi, kwaye umsebenzi wenkumbulo yempazamo ubonelela ngesiseko samashishini omgodi wamalahle ukuhlalutya iingxaki.Utshintsho lwetekhnoloji lukwagxile kuphuculo oluqhubekayo lwemveliso yalo.Ngokomzekelo, i-GM yenkampani yochungechunge lwe-coal shearer isolation switch inesabelo semarike esingaphezulu kwe-90%, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile kuye kwaqatshelwa ngushishino olufanayo;Umqalisi wokulawula umgangatho wamanzi okhuselekileyo wenkampani naye uphumelele ishishini kunye nokwamkelwa kwabasebenzisi bamashishini amalahle.Amatyala amaninzi aphumeleleyo amashishini afanelekile ukuba sifunde kwaye sibhekiselele.Amashishini kufuneka atshintshe ngokumfameka kwawo ekulandeleni umkhwa kwaye afune ukugqibelela kwiimveliso, ethathela ingqalelo kuphela ukhuselo, kwaye etyeshela ukuphuculwa kwentsebenzo yeengcali zabo.Ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe kunye namalungelo azimeleyo epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda zikwasisiqinisekiso sophuhliso lwamashishini ethu angaqhushumba kwimigodi.
Ukubamba intsingiselo yophuhliso lweemveliso nako kubamba urhwebo.Kujongwe kwindlela yophuhliso lweemveliso zemigodi, la manqaku mathathu alandelayo abekwa phambili ngokwezixhobo zombane ezingqina ukuqhuma kwemigodi:
Okokuqala, uphando olusisiseko lwentsebenzo yezixhobo zombane
ilizwe lam laqala ukusebenzisa iityhubhu zevacuum ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1980.Okwangoku, izitshixo zevacuum ezithintela uqhushumbo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimigodi ephantsi komhlaba.Ukusetyenziswa kweetyhubhu zokufunxa kudlale indima enkulu ekuboneleleni kombane ngokukhuselekileyo kwimigodi yamalahle.Umzekelo, iimveliso zokuqalisa i-vacuum ye-electromagnetic ezibonisa uqhushumbo kwimigodi zinomthamo owomeleleyo wokugqibela wokuqhawuka, olungele ukuqala rhoqo kweenjini eziphantsi komhlaba kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi;Iimveliso zemigodi-ubungqina bokuqhuma Ixesha elipheleleyo lokuqhawula uhlobo lwe-vacuum feed switch lincinci, kwaye ngokubambisana nokukhusela ukuvuza ngokukhawuleza, kuphucula ukhuseleko lokuchasa ukothuka kunye nokuqhuma kwegesi.Imfuno ye-vacuum contactors kunye ne-vacuum circuit breakers inkulu kakhulu, kodwa umgangatho weetyhubhu ze-vacuum kwimarike yangoku ayilingani.Iinkqubo ezininzi zemveliso zisasekelwe ekuqaleni koo-1980 kwaye zisenkulu kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zangaphandle.umsantsa.Ekusetyenzisweni kweetyhubhu ze-vacuum, kukho kwakhona impembelelo yokusebenza kwe-overvoltage kunye nesiqinisekiso se-vacuum.Ukuncipha kwevacuum ngokulula kunokubangela iingozi zokuvuza equleni, ezichaphazela imveliso kunye neengozi.Ezinye iinkampani ziye zaqalisa ukuzinikela kuphando lwezixhobo zombane ze-vacuum, kwaye Uphando malunga nokukhuselwa kokuvuza komoya luye lwenze inkqubela phambili ekukhuseleni ukuvuza komoya kunye neendlela zokukhusela i-vacuum adhesion.Eli likamva
Ukubonelela ngesiqinisekiso sokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezixhobo zombane eziphantsi komhlaba.Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zombane zombane ukutshintsha iityhubhu zevacuum ukuqonda ukuqala kunye nokuyeka ukulawula imoto kuya kuba ngumkhombandlela wophuhliso.Isetyenziswe ekulawuleni ukukhuselwa okubanzi kwee-drill zombane zamalahle, ezifana nokuvalwa okungathintekiyo kwe-thyristors.Ukulawula, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo, ukhuselekile kwaye uthembekile.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-SCR yamandla aphezulu kwi-starter kuye kwatshintsha ukusebenza komqalisi wendabuko.Ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zombane zamandla kunika amandla amatsha ekusebenzeni kunye nokuthembeka kweemveliso zombane ezinoqhushumbo, kuzisa imiba emitsha kubungqina bokudubula kunye nokhuseleko lweemfuno zobugcisa beemveliso.
Okwesibini, uphando lokuvuza olukhethiweyo lweswitshi ye-low-voltage feed
Ukhuseleko lokuvuza lolunye lweendlela ezintathu zokukhusela izixhobo zombane ezingaphantsi komhlaba kwimigodi yamalahle, kwaye ukuthembeka kokhuseleko lwalo kuchaphazela imveliso yokhuseleko lomgodi wamalahle.Umgaqo okhoyo okhethiweyo wokukhusela ukuvuza kwe-low-voltage feeder switch usesekelwe kwindlela yokukhusela i-voltage ye-zero-sequence kunye ne-zero-sequence current;ukongeza, i-DC yangaphandle isetyenziselwa ukubeka iliso ngokuqhubekayo ukufakwa kwenethiwekhi yonikezelo lwamandla.Ngenxa yokwandiswa kothungelwano lonikezelo lwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentambo ezikhuselweyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zombane zombane ezifana neziguquli zamatyeli, uthungelwano lombane oluphantsi komhlaba lunzima.Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezilahlekileyo ekukhuseleni ukuvuza okukhethiweyo kunye nokungaqiniseki komthamo osasazwayo.Iimfuno zokukhusela ukuvuza zibekwe phambili.Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yokufunyanwa kwedijithali, indlela yokuhlalutya imeko ye-capacitance eyabiwe equleni, ukufezekisa ukukhwela okuchanekileyo okukhethiweyo kunye nokunqunyulwa kwesebe eliphosakeleyo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela amanye amasebe asebenzayo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba umbane othembekileyo nokhuselekileyo ophantsi komhlaba uyinto entsha. Isihloko esifuna ukufundwa ngokukhawuleza.
Okwesithathu, uphuhliso lwemigodi yeemveliso ze-AC inverter
Ngenxa yenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso lwenzululwazi nobuchwepheshe, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezinamandla aphezulu kwimigodi engaphantsi komhlaba kuphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza.Phakathi kwazo, isixhobo solawulo lwesantya se-AC esiguquguqukayo sinezibonelelo zokusebenza okuphezulu, izinga lokungaphumeleli eliphantsi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokulawula, okunokuphucula kakhulu inkqubo yokuvelisa.Ngokuqwalaselwa kushishino lwemveliso yamalahle, isixhobo solawulo lwesantya sokuguqula isantya somgodi sisetyenziswa ikakhulu kulawulo lwesantya esimalunga ne-100kW, esifana neendawo zokutsalela amalahle ze-electromechanical.Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigaba sangaphambili sine-transformer ekhethekileyo yokubonelela amandla, enempembelelo encinci kwigridi yamandla.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko itekhnoloji yokuguquguqula rhoqo iqhubeka nokukhula, ukusukela ekusetyenzisweni ngempumelelo kwezichebi zombane ngeminyaka yoo-1980, izixhobo zokuvelisa umgodi wamalahle ezinje ngee-ventilators, iiwintshi, iihoist, iicompressor zomoya kunye nezinye izixhobo zoomatshini sele ziqalisile ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokulawula isantya sokuguqula isantya. .Ayitshintshi kuphela inkqubo yemveli yokuvelisa, kodwa iqulethwe ikakhulu ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kunye nokonga amandla.Ngokomzekelo, umlandeli oyintloko womgodi ukhethwa ngokweemfuno zomthamo womoya ophezulu wobomi benkonzo yokuvelisa umgodi.Ukususela ekwakhiweni kwe-shaft kwimveliso kuze kube yilapho umgodi uchithwa, umthamo womoya ofunekayo kwixesha ngalinye uhlukile, kwaye umehluko mkhulu kakhulu.Ukusetyenziswa kokulungiswa komatshini womthamo womoya kubangela inkunkuma eninzi yombane.Iifeni zonga amandla ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yokuguqula amaza.Omnye umzekelo kukuba abalandeli bendawo ebusweni bezemigodi bafakwe kwiindawo ezininzi kwaye baqhube ixesha elide, elingumthengi omkhulu wamandla.Ngenxa yokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kwemigodi yamalahle, umthamo womoya ofunekayo ixesha elide ungaphantsi kakhulu kunokungena komoya.Umthamo wokubonelela komoya womatshini, ngokujonga imeko yangoku yolu hlobo lwetroli enkulu etsalwa lihashe, isiphumo sokugcina amandla sokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yolawulo lwesantya sokuguqulwa kwesantya sikwabonakala kakhulu.Ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu kwesiguquli samaza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kommiselo wesantya, inokusebenzisa i-braking yombane kunye nommiselo wesantya esingenanyathelo ukugcina amandla.Ngumkhwa ongenakuthintelwa wokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yoguqulo rhoqo ngokubanzi kwimigodi yamalahle.Kodwa okwangoku, akukho mveliso yophuhliso okanye itekhnoloji yokuvavanya inokuqhubeka kunye neemfuno zophuhliso lwemveliso.
Ngokwamava esicelo sesixhobo sokulawula isantya sokuguqula isantya sokuguqula isantya, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa kakuhle isixhobo sokulawula isantya sokuguqula isantya, kunye nonikezelo lwamandla, iimoto zokuguqula amaza, kunye noomatshini bokuvelisa kufuneka zidityaniswe netekhnoloji yokuvelisa njenge inkqubo yokufunda, kunye namanyathelo ocinezelo afanelekileyo aya kuthatyathwa kwiiharmonics zegridi yamandla.Ukuze uziqhelanise nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokuguqulwa kombane wamalahle, uphando ngokusebenza kwezixhobo zokuguqula amandla aphezulu emigodini, uphando lwe-EMC yokuguqula amaza kunye nefuthe lamanyathelo okucinezela amaza kunye neminye imiba yobuchwephesha, kunye nokubonelela ngenkqubela phambili. itekhnoloji yecandelo lophando lwezenzululwazi, uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kweziguquli zamaxesha omgodi.Iqonga lovavanyo likufuphi.
Indlela yokuphumeza ukufumanisa kwe-EMC ukwenzela ukuba i-converter frequency converter ingasetyenziselwa kumgodi wamalahle "oluhlaza" kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo kwimveliso yemigodi yamalahle ibe sisihloko esibalulekileyo kwisebe lokufumanisa kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
ilizwe lam lelona lizwe livelisa amalahle likhulu, kwaye amalahle ngowona mthombo wamandla welizwe lam.Ngokujolise kwindlela yophuhliso yala manqaku mathathu angasentla, uphuhliso lokusetyenziswa kwemigodi yamalahle kunye nokufakelwa kombane ngokusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuculweni kwemigodi yamalahle.Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokwenza izinto ezintsha zetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso, umbutho wethu wovavanyo uya kuqhubeka nokuphucula amandla awo kunye nokubonelela ngeendlela zovavanyo oluphezulu kunye neendlela zovavanyo.Ukuphendula kwiimfuno zophuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe, iZiko loHlolo loKhuseleko lweSizwe laseShanghai leZiko lokuHlola iziXhobo zeMigodi liye laphucula ngokuqhubekayo amandla ayo okuhlola kunye namanqanaba.Ngokomzekelo, itanki yokuhlola ukuqhuma okukhulu kwe-3.4m ifakwe kwiprojekthi ecwangcisiweyo yokulungelelanisa nokuhlolwa kwezixhobo zombane ezinkulu zemigodi.Isidingo: Amandla okuhlola ii-inverters ezikhusela uqhushumbo kwimigodi aya kunyuswa ukuya kwinqanaba le-1000kW ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zovavanyo lomthamo omkhulu weenjini zombane ophezulu kunye neziguquli zombane ophezulu.Isebe lethu lokuvavanya liza kusebenzisa inkxaso yeteknoloji yovavanyo oluphambili njengendlela yokomeleza ukutshintshiselana kunye nentsebenziswano kunye namashishini, kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yobugcisa kwi-innovation yobugcisa kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lweemveliso zombane ezingenakuqhambuka kwimigodi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-14-2021